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OtherREGULAR ARTICLE

Minimizing the Influence of Unconscious Bias in Evaluations: A Practical Guide

Adam J. Goldyne
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online March 2007, 35 (1) 60-66;
Adam J. Goldyne
Dr. Goldyne is Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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    Figure 1.

    A framework for conceptualizing the origins of bias.

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    Table 1

    Emotionally Driven Motivations That May Bias the Expert

    Avoid harming others
    Avoid being disliked
    Avoid being controlled
    Avoid being harmed
    Avoid being humiliated
    Help or protect
    Humiliate or punish
    Compete
    Gain materially
    Be liked
    Please authority figures
    Control
    Take advantage of others
    Defy authority figures
    Appear or be more adequate, superior, or competent
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    Table 2

    Questions That an Expert May Use to Detect His or Her Own Unconscious Biases

    Emotions and Motivations
        Did I think about this case more or less that is typical?
        Did I think excessively about someone involved in this case?
        Have I been more or less diligent than is typical?
        Is my report or opinion narrower or broader than requested?
        Does my opinion resemble my opinions in other cases?
        Have I had interpersonal difficulty with other parties connected to this case?
        Am I having difficulties outside the case?
        Do others suspect me of bias?
        Does this case resonate with my sociopolitical beliefs?
        Do I have preexisting emotions or motivations about an issue or person related to this case?
        Have I failed to follow up on discrepancies or details in this case?
        Have I failed to consider the possibility that mental symptoms are malingered or factitious?
    Fund of Knowledge
        Is my personal background appropriate for this case?
        Is my training and experience adequate for this case?
    Information-Processing Style
        Does my theoretical perspective leave aspects of the case unexplained?
        Does my reasoning involve unchecked heuristics and biases?
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Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online: 35 (1)
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online
Vol. 35, Issue 1
March 2007
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Minimizing the Influence of Unconscious Bias in Evaluations: A Practical Guide
Adam J. Goldyne
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Mar 2007, 35 (1) 60-66;

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Minimizing the Influence of Unconscious Bias in Evaluations: A Practical Guide
Adam J. Goldyne
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Mar 2007, 35 (1) 60-66;
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