PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - George C. Curtis AU - Richard L. Nygaard TI - Crime and Punishment: Is “Justice” Good Public Policy? DP - 2008 Sep 01 TA - Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online PG - 385--387 VI - 36 IP - 3 4099 - http://jaapl.org/content/36/3/385.short 4100 - http://jaapl.org/content/36/3/385.full SO - J Am Acad Psychiatry Law2008 Sep 01; 36 AB - Dysfunctional features of American penology are mitigated somewhat by the application (though uneven) of modern science. Unfortunately, these advances do not address major flaws in the ideas on which the system is erected. These include retribution, proportional punishment, and all-or-none notions of criminal responsibility. We propose abandoning retribution for its own sake; making punishment proportional to its effectiveness for behavior change rather than to the indignation evoked by the offense; and incorporating punishment into sentences based on the clinical and behavioral characteristics of the offender, including containment as necessary for public safety. Every offender would be held responsible, but the meaning and consequences thereof would change. The proposed changes could only occur incrementally. New systems of oversight and accountability would be required. Legislative bodies could provide guidelines, and courts could oversee, but neither could micromanage. Few are better qualified to work toward these goals than readers of this journal.