Table 2

Univariate Relationships Between Independent Variables and Case Status

Independent Variable	Category	n^*	Cases	Rate (%)	Controls	Rate (%)	p^†
Eligible sample		143	70		73
Sociodemographics
Age		140	39.2		36.7		.359^‡
Gender	Male	77	33	47.1	44	60.3	.133
	Female	66	37	52.9	29	39.7
Race/ethnicity	White	91	55	80.9	36	60.3	.009
	African‐American	41	12		29
	Hispanic	3	1		2
	Asian	2	0		2
Marital status	Married	41	24	34.7	17	27.0	.430
	Divorced	26	15		11
	Never married	62	28		34
	Widowed	3	2		1
Education		119	12.9		10.7		<.001^‡
Employment	Yes	82	54	85.7	28	51.8	<.001
	No	35	9		26
History of military service	Yes	16	11	21.6	5	8.9	.067
	No	91	40		51
DSM IV Diagnoses
Any psychotic disorder^§	Yes	24	8	11.9	16	22.2	.109
	No	105	59		56
Unipolar mood disorder^‖	Yes	30	21	32.3	9	13.0	.008
	No	104	44		60
Bipolar mood disorder^¶	Yes	12	8	12.7	4	5.7	.160
	No	121	55		66
Adjustment disorder^#	Yes	10	7	10.0	3	4.0	.200
	No	134	63		71
Substance use disorder^**	Yes	98	38	64.4	60	90.9	<.001
	No	27	21		6
Cluster B personality^††	Yes	55	27	43.5	28	41.2	.785
	No	75	35		40
Psychiatric history
History as inpatient	Yes	73	32	52.5	41	65.1	.153
	No	51	29		22
History as outpatient	Yes	102	48	75.0	52	74.3	.924
	No	34	16		18
Substance‐abuse treatment	Yes	20	9	16.4	11	19.6	.556
	No	91	46		45
Psychotropic medications	Yes	32	12	25.5	20	31.7	.478
	No	78	35		43
Suicide Attempts	Yes	33	20	46.5	13	46.4	.995
	No	38	23		15
Sexual Abuse	Yes	15	9	22.0	6	26.1	.708
	No	49	32		17
Criminal History
Previous adult convictions	Yes	59	23	41.8	36	76.6	.001
	No	40	29		11
Contact with juvenile justice	Yes	22	6	12.8	16	37.2	.011
	No	65	38		27
Intoxication at time of alleged theft	Yes	31	1	1.6	30	56.6	<.001
	No	93	60		23
Estimated value of alleged theft ($)		99	35,792		246		<.001^‡
Recommended CST	Yes	118	59	88.6	59	80.8	.240
	No	22	8		14
Recommended NGRI	Yes	104	55	0.0	49	2.0	.292
	No	1	0		1

* Numbers for each variable may not add up to 146 due to missing data.
† Pearson chi‐square or Fisher exact test comparing cases with controls.
‡ Interval level variables were compared with a t test after logarithmic transformation.
§ Includes Schizophrenia, Schizophreniform disorder, Schizoaffective disorder, and Psychotic Disorder Not Otherwise Specified.
‖ Includes Major Depressive Disorder, Dysthymia, and Depressive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified.
¶ Includes Bipolar I and II and Other Bipolar Disorders.
# Includes Panic Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder, and Obsessive‐Compulsive Disorder.
** Includes Alcohol and/or Nonalcohol Abuse or Dependence.
†† Includes Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic Personality Disorders.