Table 3

Intake Information at Correctional Services Canada and Relationship to Life-Trajectory Model

ChildhoodAdolescenceAdultPeri-Arrest
• Family violence (PR)• Less than high school diploma (AL)• Unstable job history (PL)• Social assistance previous years (PL)
• Limited attachment to family unit (PR)• Less than grade 10 or equivalent (AL)• Absent employment history (PL)• Limited positive leisure activities (OSA)
• Negative relationship with parents (PR)• Youth court appearances (EPD)• Financial instability (OSA)• Limited community attachment (SL)
• Abuse (PR)• Victim of spousal abuse (AF)• Use of community resources (PF)
• Adult court appearances (EPD)• Unemployed at arrest (PL)
• Unstable housing past year (POR)
  • Life spheres measurable by data available from Correctional Services Canada: parent–child relationship (PR), place of residence (POR), adult family life (AF), episodes of personal difficulty (EPD), academic life (AL), professional life (PL), social life (SL), other social adversity (OSA), and protective factors (PF).

  • Unmeasurable life spheres: emotional–romantic relationships; dimensions of losses, separations, and departures; help-seeking/use of services, and drug use.