The authors investigated whether mental health inpatients' perceptions of coercion were associated with postdischarge treatment adherence. Patients eligible for New York's outpatient commitment program were interviewed and their perceptions of coercion measured during hospitalization and at one, five, and 11 months after discharge. Medication and clinical treatment adherence were measured at the three postdischarge interviews. Among the 117 participants who completed at least one follow-up interview, higher perceived coercion scores were correlated with greater self-reported adherence to clinical treatment at the one-month follow-up but not with participants' greater self-reported adherence at subsequent follow-ups or with providers' ratings of participants' adherence. Perceived coercion scores were positively correlated with participants' self-reported adherence to injected medications.