Objective: This study evaluated variables associated with stimulant use outcomes in stimulant users (N = 800) receiving care in community outpatient psychosocial or methadone maintenance treatment clinics as part of a national multi-site clinical trial.
Methods: Results from the full sample were examined first, and then predictors were examined separately in the two treatment modalities.
Results: A cocaine-positive urine sample at study intake was the most robust and consistent correlate of stimulant use outcome in all analyses. Psychiatric distress, social environment and employment had differential effects on outcome across modalities.
Conclusions/significance: This study confirms that intake assessments have considerable value in identifying problems to be addressed in treatment.