The hospital records of 1687 psychiatric patients were rated for the presence of assaultive or other fear-inducing behaviors associated with the reasons for their hospital admissions. Data analyses indicated that significant associations existed between these behaviors and sex, race/ethnicity, diagnosis, previous admissions, referral source for hospitalization, legal status at admission, and legal status at discharge. No associations were found for age, education, marital status, employment status, number of days hospitalized during the index hospitalization, and referral at discharge. A comparison of these results with the results of studies by other investigators led to the conclusion that clinical variables appear to have a more consistent relation to violent behavior than demographic variables. Future research examining for the correlates of violent behavior in psychiatric patients may be more productive by focusing on the type and degree of patients' psychopathologies rather than on patients' demographic characteristics.