PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Fred S. Berlin
TI  - A Conceptual Overview and Commentary on Gender Dysphoria
DP  - 2016 Jun 01
TA  - Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online
PG  - 246--252
VI  - 44
IP  - 2
4099  - http://jaapl.org/content/44/2/246.short
4100  - http://jaapl.org/content/44/2/246.full
SO  - J Am Acad Psychiatry Law2016 Jun 01; 44
AB  - Gender Dysphoria is a distressed state of mind that is of interest to psychiatrists, including forensic psychiatrists. Forensic matters can be best addressed only after one has a good appreciation of relevant psychiatric knowledge and concepts. In this commentary I review the nature of Gender Dysphoria, its relationship to cross-dressing and erotic arousal, and the question of whether it should be thought of as a psychiatric disorder. I also review the complexity of sex and gender; alternative conceptualizations of Gender Dysphoria, its etiology, its multicultural history, and its typical course over time in a given individual. Finally, I summarize treatment options, treatment outcomes, and difficulties of treating Gender Dysphoria within an inmate population.