Results of Interaction Models Examining the Effects of Co-Occurring Mental Health and Substance Use Factors on Recidivism
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B (SE) | 95% CI | X2 | B (SE) | 95% CI | X2 | B (SE) | 95% CI | X2 | B (SE) | 95% CI | X2 | |
| Demographic Factors | ||||||||||||
| Sex (Male) | −0.45 (0.18) | −0.79, -0.10 | 6.24* | −0.43 (0.18) | −0.78, -0.08 | 5.79* | −0.44 (0.18) | −0.79, -0.09 | 6.08* | −0.44 (0.18) | −0.78, -0.09 | 6.04* |
| Age | −0.21 (0.06) | −0.32, -0.09 | 12.52*** | −0.22 (0.06) | −0.34, -0.11 | 14.11*** | −0.21 (0.06) | −0.33, -0.10 | 12.88*** | −0.21 (0.06) | −0.33, -0.10 | 13.04*** |
| Race/Ethnicitya | ||||||||||||
| Black, non-Latinx | 0.95 (0.28) | 0.40, 1.50 | 11.32*** | 0.93 (0.28) | 0.38, 1.48 | 10.81** | 0.93 (0.28) | 0.38, 1.48 | 11.05*** | 0.93 (0.28) | 0.38, 1.48 | 10.81** |
| Other, non-Latinx | −0.09 (0.39) | −0.86, 0.69 | 0.47 | −0.10 (0.39) | −0.87, 0.68 | 0.06 | −0.12 (0.39) | −0.89, 0.65 | 0.09 | −0.12 (0.39) | −0.90, 0.65 | 0.10 |
| Multi-racial, non-Latinx | 1.09 (0.33) | 0.44, 1.74 | 10.84** | 1.05 (0.33) | 0.40, 1.70 | 10.11** | 1.05 (0.33) | 0.40, 1.70 | 10.10** | 1.05 (0.33) | 0.40, 1.69 | 10.09** |
| Latinx | 0.67 (0.20) | 0.27, 1.07 | 10.68** | 0.66 (0.20) | 0.26, 1.06 | 10.59** | 0.64 (0.20) | 0.24, 1.04 | 9.90** | 0.63 (0.20) | 0.24, 1.03 | 9.80** |
| Out-of-home placement | 0.39 (0.25) | −0.09, 0.87 | 2.49 | 0.39 (0.25) | −0.09, 0.87 | 2.51 | 0.39 (0.25) | −0.09, 0.87 | 2.53 | 0.39 (0.25) | −0.09, 0.87 | 2.53 |
| Legal Factors | ||||||||||||
| Offense Type (Delinquent) | 0.77 (0.18) | 0.41, 1.13 | 17.93*** | 0.79 (0.18) | 0.43, 1.15 | 18.61*** | 0.76 (0.18) | 0.40, 1.11 | 17.43*** | 0.75 (0.18) | 0.40, 1.11 | 17.14*** |
| Psychiatric Factors | ||||||||||||
| Inpatient Hospitalization | 0.23 (0.24) | −0.24, 0.71 | 0.92 | 0.20 (0.24) | −0.28, 0.68 | 0.65 | 0.22 (0.24) | −0.26, 0.70 | 0.82 | 0.22 (0.24) | −0.26, 0.70 | 0.78 |
| Internalizing Problems | −0.78 (0.29) | −1.35, 0.21 | 7.25** | −0.88 (0.29) | −1.45, -0.31 | 9.07** | −0.85 (0.30) | −1.43, -0.27 | 8.17** | −0.88 (0.29) | −1.45, -0.31 | 9.05** |
| Externalizing Problems | 0.54 (0.20) | 0.16, 0.93 | 7.74** | 0.56 (0.19) | 0.18, 0.94 | 8.34** | 0.55 (0.19) | 0.17, 0.93 | 8.02** | 0.56 (0.20) | 0.17, 0.95 | 8.07** |
| Substance Use Factors | ||||||||||||
| Alcohol-Related Problems | 1.27 (0.32) | 0.65, 1.90 | 16.02*** | 1.40 (0.33) | 0.75, 2.06 | 17.58*** | 1.12 (0.31) | 0.52, 1.72 | 13.48*** | 1.10 (0.31) | 0.50, 1.70 | 12.98*** |
| Cannabis-Related Problems | 0.46 (0.29) | −0.10, 1.02 | 2.58 | 0.40 (0.29) | −0.17, 0.96 | 1.91 | 0.44 (0.29) | −0.14, 1.02 | 2.25 | 0.45 (0.32) | −0.17, 1.08 | 2.03 |
| Interaction Terms | ||||||||||||
| Internalizing × Alcohol | −1.50 (0.81) | −3.09, 0.09 | 3.40† | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Externalizing × Alcohol | – | – | – | −1.29 (0.59) | −2.45, -0.12 | 4.70* | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Internalizing × Cannabis | – | – | – | – | – | – | −0.23 (0.76) | −1.73, 1.26 | 0.09 | – | – | – |
| Externalizing × Cannabis | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | −0.14 (0.58) | −1.29, 1.00 | 0.06 |
| Model Fit | ||||||||||||
| Deviance | 400.63 | 399.78 | 404.30 | 404.33 | ||||||||
| Pearson X2 | 494.88 | 494.85 | 520.67 | 520.76 | ||||||||
| df | 346 | 346 | 346 | 346 | ||||||||
Note. †p < .10; *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001; aReference group=White, non-Latinx.