Baseline Differences Between Cocaine Users With and Without Criminal Justice Involvement
| Variable | No Criminal Justice Involvement(n = 188) | Criminal Justice Involvement(n = 55) | χ2/F | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Baseline Differences Across Demographic and Psychiatric Characteristics | ||||
| Age, mean (SD) years | 33.05 ± 6.60 | 31.18 ± 6.30 | 3.46 | .06 |
| Race, % (n) | ||||
| African American | 42.5 (79) | 47.3 (26) | 5.45 | .14 |
| Hispanic | 3.2 (6) | 9.1 (5) | ||
| White | 53.8 (100) | 41.8 (23) | ||
| Male, % (n) | 71.5 (133) | 78.2 (43) | 0.96 | .33 |
| Employed, % | 51.1 (95) | 40.0 (22) | 2.08 | .15 |
| Married/cohabiting, % | 21 (39) | 12.7 (7) | 1.87 | .17 |
| Education level, % | ||||
| High school, college or more | 78.5 (68) | 60 (14) | 7.76 | .02 |
| Less than high school grad | 21.5 (40) | 40 (22) | ||
| Lifetime psychiatric disorder, n (%) | ||||
| Alcohol dependence | 51.1 (90) | 35.3 (18) | 3.98 | .05 |
| Antisocial personality disorder | 38.7 (55) | 55.8 (24) | 3.94 | .05 |
| Any depressive disorder | 25.1 (20) | 27.1 (6.5) | 2.97 | .36 |
| Any anxiety disorder | 2.1 (4) | 2.4 (1) | 0.58 | .45 |
| B Baseline Differences Across Substance Abuse Characteristics | ||||
| Previous outpatient treatment | .83 ± 2.62 | .75 ± 1.31 | 0.05 | .83 |
| Previous inpatient treatment | .61 ± 1.27 | .94 ± 1.79 | 2.23 | .14 |
| Pretreatment drug use, mean (SD) days in past 28 | ||||
| Cocaine | 13.32 ± 8.38 | 14.40 ± 8.91 | 0.69 | .40 |
| Marijuana | 3.50 ± 7.48 | 3.65 ± 7.17 | 0.94 | .90 |
| Alcohol | 8.05 ± 12.92 | 5.81 ± 7.90 | 1.47 | .23 |
| Years of drug use, mean (SD) | ||||
| Cocaine | 8.91 ± 5.92 | 9.29 ± 7.01 | 0.16 | .69 |
| Marijuana | 8.45 ± 7.04 | 9.18 ± 7.15 | 0.41 | .52 |
| Alcohol | 13.37 ± 7.82 | 11.22 ± 6.61 | 3.41 | .07 |
| ASI composite scores | ||||
| Medical | .11 ± .21 | .08 ± .18 | 0.99 | .32 |
| Legal | .07 ± .15 | .18 ± .23 | 18.21 | .00 |
| Alcohol | .25 ± .29 | .37 ± .37 | 6.64 | .01 |
| Drug | .37 ± 34 | .35 ± .32 | 0.23 | .63 |
| Employment | .54 ± .30 | .67 ± .25 | 9.13 | .00 |
| Family | .22 ± .17 | .25 ± .19 | 1.05 | .31 |
| Psychiatric | .20 ± .20 | .20 ± .18 | 0.02 | .90 |
| Total time in jail or prison | 4.70 ± 17.53 | 9.30 ± 19.20 | 2.75 | .10 |
| Number of arrests | 5.94 ± 14.31 | 13.23 ± 20.21 | 8.97 | .00 |
| Number of convictions | 1.62 ± 3.22 | 3.18 ± 4.09 | 17.38 | .00 |