Bivariate Associations Comparing Violent Patients to Nonviolent Patients on Violence Risk Factors
| Risk Factor | Total With Factor n (%) | Nonviolent Group (n = 132) n (%) | Violent Group (n = 103) n (%) | χ2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dispositional factors | |||||
| Age younger than 35 years | 124 (52.8) | 63 (47.7) | 61 (59.2) | 3.068 | .08 |
| Race (white) | 110 (46.8) | 78 (59.1) | 32 (31.1) | 18.248 | <.001 |
| Male | 142 (60.4) | 85 (64.4) | 57 (55.3) | 1.983 | .159 |
| Married | 29 (12.3) | 23 (17.4) | 6 (5.8) | 7.195 | .007 |
| Below average intelligence | 52 (22.1) | 12 (9.1) | 40 (38.8) | 29.705 | <.001 |
| Poor judgment | 183 (77.9) | 91 (68.9) | 92 (89.3) | 13.947 | <.001 |
| Low insight | 170 (72.3) | 81 (61.4) | 89 (86.4) | 18.135 | <.001 |
| Chronic hostility | 32 (13.6) | 14 (10.6) | 18 (17.5) | 2.321 | .128 |
| Information on behavioral control available | 86 (36.6) | 52 (39.4) | 34 (33) | 1.016 | .313 |
| Historical factors | |||||
| High school or GED | 81 (34.5) | 55 (41.7) | 26 (25.2) | 6.909 | .009 |
| Past psychiatric history | 202 (86) | 101 (76.5) | 101 (98.1) | 22.245 | <.001 |
| Childhood abuse | 24 (10.2) | 18 (13.6) | 6 (5.8) | 3.85 | .05 |
| History of physical abuse | 41 (17.4) | 31 (23.5) | 10 (9.7) | 7.623 | .006 |
| History of sexual abuse | 30 (12.8) | 19 (14.4) | 11 (10.7) | .717 | .397 |
| Family history of mental illness | 74 (31.5) | 46 (34.8) | 28 (27.2) | 1.575 | .209 |
| History of employment | 84 (35.7) | 64 (48.5) | 20 (19.4) | 21.283 | <.001 |
| Violence history available at admission | 23 (9.8) | 8 (6.1) | 15 (14.6) | 4.737 | .03 |
| History of violent criminal offense, from online search | 34 (14.5) | 17 (12.9) | 17 (16.5) | .615 | .433 |
| Contextual factors | |||||
| Has a place to live | 102 (43.4) | 71 (53.8) | 31 (30.1) | 13.219 | <.001 |
| Supportive family or friends | 76 (32.3) | 50 (37.9) | 26 (25.2) | 4.222 | .04 |
| Disability support | 31 (13.2) | 13 (9.8) | 18 (17.5) | 2.939 | .086 |
| Clinical factors | |||||
| History of alcohol abuse | 89 (37.9) | 56 (42.4) | 33 (32) | 2.652 | .103 |
| History of substance abuse | 113 (48.1) | 72 (54.5) | 41 (39.8) | 5.035 | .025 |
| Auditory hallucinations | 49 (20.9) | 25 (18.9) | 24 (23.3) | .667 | .414 |
| Visual hallucinations | 29 (12.3) | 14 (10.6) | 15 (14.6) | .837 | .36 |
| Suicidal ideation | 33 (14) | 25 (18.9) | 8 (7.8) | 2.542 | .111 |
| Suicidal plan | 21 (8.9) | 16 (12.1) | 5 (4.9) | .936 | .333 |
| Ability to care for self | 160 (68.1) | 102 (77.3) | 58 (56.3) | 11.699 | .001 |
| Aggression/agitation | 65 (27.7) | 24 (18.2) | 41 (39.8) | 13.52 | <.001 |
| Labile mood | 54 (23) | 28 (21.2) | 26 (25.2) | .531 | .466 |
| Current treatment noncompliance | 48 (20.4) | 19 (14.4) | 29 (28.2) | 6.741 | .009 |
| Psychotic disorder | 118 (50.2) | 42 (31.8) | 76 (73.8) | 40.762 | <.001 |
| Bipolar disorder | 28 (11.9) | 14 (10.6) | 14 (13.6) | .492 | .483 |
| Personality disorder | 32 (13.6) | 21 (15.9) | 11 (10.7) | 1.345 | .246 |