Comparison of Previous Research on Military AWOL in Different Military Samples: Experiences From Western Wars
| Study | Study Population | Finding | Cases, n |
|---|---|---|---|
| Heine (1945)32 | U.S. Army soldiers | Those with mental illness go AWOL more and have more rigid habit systems, emotional immaturity, and inability to handle problems in a less direct manner. | N = 133 |
| Guttmacher and Stewart (1945)33 | U.S. Army soldiers | Overall social maladjustment on the part of the AWOL group with respect to their intelligence, job stability, education, emotional stability, and personal habits. | N =133 (in AWOL group, with a matched control group) |
| Bromberg et al. (1945)34 | U.S. Navy recruits | Emotional disturbances and negative attitudes toward the Navy, military service, or the war itself. | N =248 ( 23.3% in 1,063 Naval offenders) |
| Davis et al. (1945)35 | U.S. Army Air Force recruits | Mental disorder (usually constitutional psychopathy) and mental deficiency were the main factors in 63%; military maladjustment in 37%. | N =100 (AWOL prisoners) |
| Feldman and Maleski (1948)36 | U.S. Army newly recruited trainees | Maladjustment was reflected in the behavior of the AWOLs both prior to and after their entrance into military service; hostility, more egocentric behaviors, less responsibility in their social relationships, various somatic complaints and functional disturbances. | N =185 |
| Clark (1948)11 | U.S. Army soldiers | 24 items of MMPI were selected to form a tentative “recidivist” scale | N =100, AWOL (55 attempted repeated AWOLs) |
| Clark (1953)12 | U.S. Army soldiers (in basic training) | One abbreviated scale differentiated recidivists from non-recidivists | N =104 (74 attempted two or more times) |
| Zuring (1954)1 | Dutch Army soldiers in Indonesian colonial wars | 65% were found to be neurotic, 35% psychopathic, 43.5% of inferior intelligence and 29.2 % normal, according to an assessment by the colonial Army Division Board | N not mentioned in the article |