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OtherSPECIAL ARTICLE

Status of the Psychiatric Duty to Protect, Circa 2006

Matthew F. Soulier, Andrea Maislen and James C. Beck
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online December 2010, 38 (4) 457-473;
Matthew F. Soulier
MD
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Andrea Maislen
JD
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James C. Beck
MD, PhD
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    Table 1

    Verdicts in 70 Tarasoff Cases

    Type of State LawDefense VerdictPlaintiff VerdictNo Verdict
    Mandatory statutes (n = 28)37410
    Permissive statutes (n = 10)*617
    No statutes (n = 13)410
    Totals47617
    • * Including the District of Columbia.

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    Table 2

    Verdict or Summary Judgment for the Defendant Because There Was No Communicated Threat to the Therapist Against a Specific Victim

    State (Statute)CourtCase
    Cal. Civ. Code § 43.92 (2007)California Court of Appeal, Second Appellate District, Division SixCalderon v Glick, 31 Cal. Rptr. 3d 707 (Cal. Ct. App. 2005)
    California Court of Appeal, Second Appellate District, Division SevenSuzuki v. Eli Lilly and Co., 2002 Cal. App. Unpub. LEXIS 3693 (Cal. Ct. App. 2002)
    California Court of Appeal, First Appellate District, Division TwoBarry v. Turek, 267 Cal. Rptr. 553 (Cal. Ct. App. 1990)
    California Court of Appeal, Third Appellate DistrictKatsares v. Open Line Group Homes, Inc, 2004 Cal. App. Unpub. LEXIS 6236 (Cal. Ct. App. 2004)
    California Court of Appeal, Fourth Appellate District, Division OneSilvas v. South Bay Community Services, 2003 Cal. App. Unpub. LEXIS 22 (Cal. Ct. App. 2003)
    California Court of Appeal, Second Appellate District, Division SixTilley v. Schulte, 82 Cal. Rptr. 2d 497 (Cal. Ct. App. 1999)
    Idaho (Idaho Code Ann. § 6-1 (901–1903) (1991))Idaho Supreme CourtCaldwell v. Idaho Youth Ranch, 968 P.2d 215 (Idaho 1998)
    Kentucky (Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 202A.400 (1986))U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth CircuitRiley v. United Health Care, 165 F.3d 28 (6th Cir. 1998)
    Louisiana (La. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 9:2800.2 (1986))Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fifth CircuitGrady v. Riley, 809 So. 2d 567 (La. Ct. App. 2002)
    Court of Appeal of Louisiana, First CircuitDunnington v Silva, 916 So. 2d 1166 (La. Ct. App. 2005)
    Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fourth CircuitHines v. Bick, 566 So.2d 455 (La. Ct. App. 1990)
    Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fifth CircuitDurapau v. Jenkins, 656 So. 2d 1067 (La. Ct. App. 1995)
    Court of Appeal of Louisiana, First CircuitSanchez v. State, 506 So. 2d 777 (La. Ct. App. 1987)
    Maryland (Md. Code Ann., Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-609 (1989))Court of Special Appeals of MarylandFalk v. Southern Maryland Hospital, Inc., 742 A.2d 51 (Md. Ct. Spec. App. 1999)
    Court of Appeals of MarylandHartford Insurance Co. v. Manor Inn 642 A.2d 219 (Md. 1994)
    Michigan (Mich. Comp. Laws Ann. § 330.1946 (1989))Court of Appeals of MichiganSwan v. Wedgwood Christian Youth & Family Services, 583 N.W.2d 719 (Mich. Ct. App. 1998)
    Court of Appeals of MichiganRichter v. Turlo, 1999 WL 33435417 (Mich. Ct. App. 1999)
    Court of Appeals of MichiganJenks v. Brown, 557 N.W.2d 114 (1996)
    Court of Appeals of MichiganLagow, as Personal Representative of the Estate of Welch v. Segue, Inc., 2001 Mich. App. LEXIS 1225 (Mich. Ct. App. 2001)
    U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth CircuitSellers v. U.S., 870 F.2d 1098 (6th Cir. 1989)
    Montana (Mont. Code Ann. § 27-1-1101 (1987))U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth CircuitLacock v. U.S., 106 F.3d 408 (9th Cir. 1997)
    Ohio (Ohio Rev. Code Ann. § 2305.51 (year))Supreme Court of OhioCampbell v. Ohio State University Medical Center, 843 N.E.2d 1194 (Ohio 2006)
    South Carolina (S.C. Code Ann. § 15-78-60 (year))Court of Appeals of South CarolinaDoe v. Marion, 605 S.E.2d 556 (S.C. Ct. App. 2004)
    Tennessee (Tenn. Code Ann. § 33-10-302 (1989))U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth CircuitTabor v. Veterans Administration, 198 F.3d 247 (6th Cir. 1999)
    Utah (Utah Code Ann § 78-14a-102 (1998))Supreme Court of UtahRollins v. Peterson, 813 P.2d 1156 (Utah 1991)
    Supreme Court of UtahWilson v. Valley Mental Health, 969 P.2d 416 (Utah 1998)
    Court of Appeals of UtahThorncock v. Christensen, 2000 Utah App. LEXIS 189 (Utah Ct. App. 2000)
    Virginia (Va. Code Ann. § 54.1-2400)Circuit Court of Fairfax County, VirginiaHead v. Inova Health Care Services, 55 Va. Cir. 43 (Va. Cir. Ct. 2001)
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    Table 3

    States With Affirmative Duty Jurisdictions: Verdict or Summary Judgment for the Defendant Because of Statutory Immunity

    State (Statute)CourtCase
    California (Cal. Civ. Code § 43.92 (2007))California Court of Appeal, Second Appellate District, Division SixLey v. State of California, 8 Cal. Rptr. 3d 642 (Cal. Ct. App. 2004)
    California Court of Appeal, Fourth Appellate District, Division OneMichael E. L. v. County of San Diego, 228 Cal. Rptr. 139 (Cal. Ct. App. 1986)
    Utah (Utah Code Ann § 78-14a-102 (1998))Supreme Court of UtahHiggins v. Salt Lake County, 855 P.2d 231 (Utah 1993)
    Washington (Wash. Rev. Code § 71.05.120 (1991))Washington Court of Appeals, Division OneTobis v. State, 758 P.2d 534 (Wash. Ct. App. 1988)
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Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online: 38 (4)
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online
Vol. 38, Issue 4
December 2010
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Status of the Psychiatric Duty to Protect, Circa 2006
Matthew F. Soulier, Andrea Maislen, James C. Beck
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Dec 2010, 38 (4) 457-473;

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Matthew F. Soulier, Andrea Maislen, James C. Beck
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Dec 2010, 38 (4) 457-473;
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