Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Test of indirect effects of age on competence through future orientation. Estimates are standardized. ***p < .001.
- Figure 2.
Baseline model for tests of invariance across levels of future orientation.
Tables
Variable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Age — .20* .22* .18* .12* .02* .01 .22* .06 .04 .09* −.01 −.02 MacCAT-CA understanding — .44* .39* .15* .40* .26 .06 −.08† −.10* −.05 −.02 −.04 MacCAT-CA reasoning — .43* .30* .44* .30* −.01 −.10* −.10* −.04 −.07† −.05 MacCAT-CA appreciation — .19* .34* .23 .04 −.06 −.04 −.01 −.01 .01 JILC F-Recl — .30* .21* −.02 −.02 −.02 .03 −.01 .00 WASI vocabulary — .55* −.16* −.21* −.27* −.11* −.13* −.12* WASI matrix reasoning — −.15* −.17* −.20* −.07† −.07† −.04 MAYSI alcohol/drug — .37* .33* .26* .25* .26* MAYSI anger/irritabillity — .65* .51* .44* .44* MAYSI depression/anxiousness — .55* .55* .49* MAYSI somatic concerns — .33* .38* MAYSI suicidal ideation — .38* MAYSI thought disturbance — Mean 14.97 11.41 12.22 10.33 4.23 43.19 44.67 1.76 3.58 2.25 2.67 .55 .68 SD 1.67 3.04 2.58 1.90 1.59 11.08 11.07 2.41 2.62 2.13 1.80 1.19 .95 -
* p < .01.
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† p < .05.
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Detained Youth Age Groups Community Youth Age Groups ttotal* 11–13 14–15 16–17 Total 11–13 14–15 16–17 Total MacCAT-CA Understanding 10.07 11.30 11.67 11.26 10.69 11.23 12.32 11.55 1.48 Reasoning 10.62 11.88 12.29 11.85 11.73 12.35 13.23 12.57 4.28† Appreciation 9.36 10.31 10.48 10.23 9.89 10.35 10.81 10.43 1.61 MAYSI-2 Alcohol/drug 1.95 2.97 3.56 3.06 .03 .57 .79 .53 18.73† Anger/irritability 3.86 4.74 4.41 4.46 2.40 3.03 2.71 2.74 10.55† Depression/anxiousness 2.53 3.34 2.77 2.96 1.46 1.72 1.51 1.57 10.55† Somatic 2.64 3.04 3.01 2.96 2.17 2.46 2.47 2.39 4.84† Suicidal ideation .81 .95 .66 .80 .27 .36 .27 .30 6.56† Thought disturbance 1.00 .89 .80 .87 .51 .55 .46 .50 5.95† WASI Vocabulary 38.03 37.91 40.35 38.97 47.87 46.31 47.59 47.23 12.23† Matrix reasoning 41.50 41.02 42.42 41.70 47.72 46.38 48.28 47.50 8.28† FSIQ 84.82 84.34 87.06 85.58 97.28 94.70 97.25 96.41 11.88† JILC Future orientation 3.78 4.00 4.24 4.06 4.10 4.33 4.62 4.40 3.18‡ -
* Difference between detained and community total scores.
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† p < .001.
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‡ p < .01.
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Model Description Comparative Model df χ2 Δdf Δχ2 Baseline model (Model 1) — 89 183.11 — — Intellectual ability to understanding path constrained equal Model 1 90 184.60 1 1.49ns Intellectual ability to understanding and reasoning paths constrained equal Model 1 91 187.17 2 4.06ns Intellectual ability to understanding, reasoning, and appreciation paths constrained equal Model 1 92 198.69 3 15.58* -
NS, not significant.
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* p < .01.
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