Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1
Bivariate Associations Comparing Violent Patients to Nonviolent Patients on Violence Risk Factors
Risk Factor Total With Factor n (%) Nonviolent Group (n = 132) n (%) Violent Group (n = 103) n (%) χ2 p Dispositional factors Age younger than 35 years 124 (52.8) 63 (47.7) 61 (59.2) 3.068 .08 Race (white) 110 (46.8) 78 (59.1) 32 (31.1) 18.248 <.001 Male 142 (60.4) 85 (64.4) 57 (55.3) 1.983 .159 Married 29 (12.3) 23 (17.4) 6 (5.8) 7.195 .007 Below average intelligence 52 (22.1) 12 (9.1) 40 (38.8) 29.705 <.001 Poor judgment 183 (77.9) 91 (68.9) 92 (89.3) 13.947 <.001 Low insight 170 (72.3) 81 (61.4) 89 (86.4) 18.135 <.001 Chronic hostility 32 (13.6) 14 (10.6) 18 (17.5) 2.321 .128 Information on behavioral control available 86 (36.6) 52 (39.4) 34 (33) 1.016 .313 Historical factors High school or GED 81 (34.5) 55 (41.7) 26 (25.2) 6.909 .009 Past psychiatric history 202 (86) 101 (76.5) 101 (98.1) 22.245 <.001 Childhood abuse 24 (10.2) 18 (13.6) 6 (5.8) 3.85 .05 History of physical abuse 41 (17.4) 31 (23.5) 10 (9.7) 7.623 .006 History of sexual abuse 30 (12.8) 19 (14.4) 11 (10.7) .717 .397 Family history of mental illness 74 (31.5) 46 (34.8) 28 (27.2) 1.575 .209 History of employment 84 (35.7) 64 (48.5) 20 (19.4) 21.283 <.001 Violence history available at admission 23 (9.8) 8 (6.1) 15 (14.6) 4.737 .03 History of violent criminal offense, from online search 34 (14.5) 17 (12.9) 17 (16.5) .615 .433 Contextual factors Has a place to live 102 (43.4) 71 (53.8) 31 (30.1) 13.219 <.001 Supportive family or friends 76 (32.3) 50 (37.9) 26 (25.2) 4.222 .04 Disability support 31 (13.2) 13 (9.8) 18 (17.5) 2.939 .086 Clinical factors History of alcohol abuse 89 (37.9) 56 (42.4) 33 (32) 2.652 .103 History of substance abuse 113 (48.1) 72 (54.5) 41 (39.8) 5.035 .025 Auditory hallucinations 49 (20.9) 25 (18.9) 24 (23.3) .667 .414 Visual hallucinations 29 (12.3) 14 (10.6) 15 (14.6) .837 .36 Suicidal ideation 33 (14) 25 (18.9) 8 (7.8) 2.542 .111 Suicidal plan 21 (8.9) 16 (12.1) 5 (4.9) .936 .333 Ability to care for self 160 (68.1) 102 (77.3) 58 (56.3) 11.699 .001 Aggression/agitation 65 (27.7) 24 (18.2) 41 (39.8) 13.52 <.001 Labile mood 54 (23) 28 (21.2) 26 (25.2) .531 .466 Current treatment noncompliance 48 (20.4) 19 (14.4) 29 (28.2) 6.741 .009 Psychotic disorder 118 (50.2) 42 (31.8) 76 (73.8) 40.762 <.001 Bipolar disorder 28 (11.9) 14 (10.6) 14 (13.6) .492 .483 Personality disorder 32 (13.6) 21 (15.9) 11 (10.7) 1.345 .246 Variable B SE Wald df p OR 95% CI Age <35 years .965 .367 6.907 1 .0086 2.624 1.278–5.389 Male .932 .398 5.486 1 .0192 2.538 1.164–5.534 Low intelligence 1.789 .49 13.318 1 .0003 5.984 2.289–15.642 Past psychiatric history 2.411 .812 8.812 1 .003 11.15 2.269–54.792 Employment history −.882 .396 4.977 1 .0257 .414 .191–.898 Has a place to live −.88 .379 5.39 1 .0203 .415 .197–.872 Aggression/agitation 1.029 .401 6.574 1 .0103 2.799 1.274–6.148 Psychotic disorder 2.344 .447 27.495 1 <.0001 10.427 4.341–25.046 Bipolar disorder 1.934 .564 11.755 1 .0006 6.92 2.29–20.91 R2 = .5479; AUC = .881. χ2 = 123.5278; df = 9; p <.0001.
Observed Predicted Nonviolent Violent % Correct Nonviolent 112 20 84.8 Violent 27 76 73.8 Overall percentage 80.0
