Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Current Issue
  • Ahead of Print
  • Past Issues
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Print Subscriptions
  • About
    • About the Journal
    • About the Academy
    • Editorial Board
  • Feedback
  • Alerts
  • AAPL

User menu

  • Alerts

Search

  • Advanced search
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law
  • AAPL
  • Alerts
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Current Issue
  • Ahead of Print
  • Past Issues
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Print Subscriptions
  • About
    • About the Journal
    • About the Academy
    • Editorial Board
  • Feedback
  • Alerts
Research ArticleRegular Articles

Gender and Malingering in Defendants Deemed Incompetent to Stand Trial

Ariana E. Nesbit-Bartsch, Barbara E. McDermott and Katherine D. Warburton
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online June 2021, 49 (2) 211-218; DOI: https://doi.org/10.29158/JAAPL.200083-20
Ariana E. Nesbit-Bartsch
Dr. Nesbit-Bartsch is a Forensic Psychiatrist, San Diego County Forensic Psychiatry Clinic, San Diego, CA. Dr. McDermott is Professor and Research Director at Napa State Hospital, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Sacramento, CA. Dr. Warburton is Medical Director, California Department of State Hospitals, Sacramento, CA.
MD, MBE
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Barbara E. McDermott
Dr. Nesbit-Bartsch is a Forensic Psychiatrist, San Diego County Forensic Psychiatry Clinic, San Diego, CA. Dr. McDermott is Professor and Research Director at Napa State Hospital, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Sacramento, CA. Dr. Warburton is Medical Director, California Department of State Hospitals, Sacramento, CA.
PhD
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Katherine D. Warburton
Dr. Nesbit-Bartsch is a Forensic Psychiatrist, San Diego County Forensic Psychiatry Clinic, San Diego, CA. Dr. McDermott is Professor and Research Director at Napa State Hospital, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Sacramento, CA. Dr. Warburton is Medical Director, California Department of State Hospitals, Sacramento, CA.
DO
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Article Figures & Data

Tables

    • View popup
    Table 1

    Gender Differences on Demographic Variables

    Demographic VariablesMenWomenTotalTest Statisticp
    Ethnicity
        White564 (41.8)194 (48.9)758 (43.4)
        Black439 (32.5)107 (27.0)546 (31.3)
        Hispanic238 (17.6)68 (17.1)306 (17.5)
        Asian70 (5.2)21 (5.3)91 (5.2)
        Other39 (2.9)7 (1.8)46 (2.6)χ2 (1) = 8.12.087
    Education
        None to 11th grade524 (43.4)160 (43.2)684 (43.3)
        High school grad or equivalent346 (28.6)92 (24.9)438 (27.8)
        Post-high school education338 (28.0)118 (31.9)456 (28.9)χ2 (2) = 2.96.228
        Special education316 (28.6)71 (20.0)χ2 (1) = 10.19.001
    Commitment offense
        Murder114 (8.5)13 (3.3)127 (7.3)
        Assault/battery477 (35.5)138 (34.9)615 (35.4)
        Robbery130 (9.7)48 (12.2)178 (10.2)
        Theft115 (8.6)62 (15.7)177 (10.2)
        Criminal threats68 (5.1)12 (3.0)80 (4.6)
        Drug offense61 (4.5)25 (6.3)86 (4.9)
        Sex offense135 (10.1)3 (0.8)138 (7.9)
        Arson41 (3.1)27 (6.8)68 (3.9)
        Weapons59 (4.4)9 (2.3)68 (3.9)
        Kidnapping11 (0.8)5 (1.3)16 (0.9)
        Miscellaneous132 (9.8)53 (13.4)185 (10.6)χ2 (10) = 85.27< .001
    • Data are presented as n (%). N = 1,748 subjects; Men: n = 1,351 (77.3%); Women: n = 397 (22.7%).

    • View popup
    Table 2

    Gender Differences on Criminal Justice Variables

    Seriousness of offenseMenWomenTest Statisticp
    Murder/robbery244 (18.2)61 (15.4)
    All other1,099 (81.8)334 (84.6)χ2 (1) = 1.57.221
    Prior arrest history
        0–2229 (17.0)88 (22.2)
        3+1,122 (83.0)309 (77.8)χ2 (1) = 5.62.018
    • Data are presented as n (%).

    • View popup
    Table 3

    Gender Differences on Psychiatric Variables

    MenWomenTest Statisticp
    Prior mental health treatment
        None288 (22.0)54 (13.8)
        In-patient/out-patient/other1,022 (78.0)338 (86.2)χ2 (1) = 12.66< .001
    BPRS score on admission
        Total score8.72 (4.74)8.37 (4.42)t(1740) = 1.302.193
        Thought disorder2.23 (1.43)2.26 (1.45)F(1,1,585) = 0.150.669
        Suspiciousness2.31 (1.72)2.20 (1.66)F(1,1,585) = 1.137.286
        Hallucinations1.86 (1.43)1.68 (1.31)F(1,1,585) = 4.914.027
        Delusions2.61 (1.84)2.45 (1.78)F(1,1,585) = 2.247.134
    Wilks Lambda = .995 F(4,1,585) = 1.846.118
    • Data are presented as n (%) or mean ± SD.

    • BPRS = Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale.

    • View popup
    Table 4

    Gender Differences on Malingering Variables

    MenWomenTest Statisticp
    Evaluator opinion
    Possibly malingering322 (23.8)59 (14.6)χ2 (1) = 15.35< .001
    M-FAST scoreχ2 (1) = 2.31.128
    0–5919 (68.0)286 (72.0)
    6 or greater432 (32.0)111 (28.0)
    M-FAST score4.56 (5.05)4.08 (4.57)t(1,746) = 1.702.089
    • Data are presented as n (%) or mean ± SD.

    • M-FAST = Miller Forensic Assessment of Symptoms Test.

    • View popup
    Table 5

    Factors Related to Opinion Formation of Malingering by Gender

    MenWomen
    BOdds RatiopBOdds Ratiop
    M-FAST total score0.3121.366.0000.5041.655.000
    Conceptual disorganization–0.7390.477.000–0.6100.544.004
    Offense seriousness0.9512.587.0001.5904.905.006
    Previous psychiatric history0.6441.905.015
    Prior arrests–0.8460.429.011
    Competence score–0.1300.878.000
    Hallucinations–0.6460.524.003
    • M-FAST = Miller Forensic Assessment of Symptoms Test.

PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online: 49 (2)
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online
Vol. 49, Issue 2
1 Jun 2021
  • Table of Contents
  • Index by author
Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in recommending The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law site.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Gender and Malingering in Defendants Deemed Incompetent to Stand Trial
(Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law
(Your Name) thought you would like to see this page from the Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
Gender and Malingering in Defendants Deemed Incompetent to Stand Trial
Ariana E. Nesbit-Bartsch, Barbara E. McDermott, Katherine D. Warburton
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Jun 2021, 49 (2) 211-218; DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.200083-20

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero

Share
Gender and Malingering in Defendants Deemed Incompetent to Stand Trial
Ariana E. Nesbit-Bartsch, Barbara E. McDermott, Katherine D. Warburton
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Jun 2021, 49 (2) 211-218; DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.200083-20
del.icio.us logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Conclusion
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

Cited By...

More in this TOC Section

  • Mental Health and Social Correlates of Reincarceration of Youths as Adults
  • Legal and Ethics Considerations in Capacity Evaluation for Medical Aid in Dying
  • Mental Health Aftercare Availability for Juvenile Justice-Involved Youth in New York City
Show more Regular Articles

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • malingering
  • gender
  • incompetent to stand trial

Site Navigation

  • Home
  • Current Issue
  • Ahead of Print
  • Archive
  • Information for Authors
  • About the Journal
  • Editorial Board
  • Feedback
  • Alerts

Other Resources

  • Academy Website
  • AAPL Meetings
  • AAPL Annual Review Course

Reviewers

  • Peer Reviewers

Other Publications

  • AAPL Practice Guidelines
  • AAPL Newsletter
  • AAPL Ethics Guidelines
  • AAPL Amicus Briefs
  • Landmark Cases

Customer Service

  • Cookie Policy
  • Reprints and Permissions
  • Order Physical Copy

Copyright © 2025 by The American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law