Article Figures & Data
Tables
Demographics Discharged on Clozapine Clozapine Discontinued Prior to Discharge Restored (n = 69) Not Restored (n = 104) Restored (n = 7) Not Restored (n = 11) n % n % n % n % Gender Male 52 75.4 78 75.0 4 57.1 7 63.6 Female 17 24.6 26 25.0 3 42.9 4 36.4 Age 19–29 22 31.9 20 19.2 2 28.6 2 18.2 30–39 27 39.1 45 43.3 2 28.6 6 54.5 40–49 12 17.4 17 16.3 3 42.9 0 – 50–59 6 8.7 17 16.3 0 – 3 27.3 60+ 2 2.9 5 4.8 0 – 0 – Ethnicity/Race White 33 47.8 47 45.2 3 42.9 3 27.3 Black 20 29.0 29 27.9 2 28.6 4 36.4 Hispanic 7 10.1 17 16.3 1 14.3 2 18.2 Asian 6 8.7 9 8.7 1 14.3 2 18.2 Othera 3 4.3 2 1.9 0 – 0 – Prior DSH Admission Yes 28 40.6 40 38.5 2 28.6 4 36.4 No 41 59.4 64 61.5 5 71.4 7 63.6 Prior IST Admission Yes 22 31.9 31 29.8 2 28.6 3 27.3 No 47 68.1 73 70.2 5 71.4 8 72.7 Note. A chi-square analysis indicated that there was no significant relationship between groups pertaining to patient demographics. DSH = Department of State Hospitals; IST = incompetent to stand trial.
↵a “Other” ethnicity includes American Indian and Polynesian.
- Table 2
Diagnosis Information for Patient Population Including Comorbid Substance Use Disorder, Personality Disorder and Cognitive Impairment
Diagnoses Discharged on Clozapine Clozapine Discontinued Prior to Discharge Restored (n = 69) Not Restored (n = 104) Restored (n = 7) Not Restored (n = 11) n % n % n % n % Primary Diagnosis Schizophrenia spectrum 55 79.7 91 87.5 6 85.7 10 90.9 Other psychotic disorder 5 7.2 8 7.7 1 14.3 1 9.1 Bipolar disorder 3 4.3 2 1.9 0 – 0 – Substance use disorder 1 1.4 1 1.0 0 – 0 – Deferred 5 7.2 2 1.9 0 – 0 – Substance Use Disorder Yes 41 59.4 53 51.0 5 71.4 4 36.4 No 28 40.6 51 49.0 2 28.6 7 63.6 Personality Disordera Yes 6 8.7 1 1.0 0 – 0 – No 63 91.3 103 99.0 7 100.0 11 100.0 Cognitive Impairment Yes 2 2.9 8 7.7 0 – 0 – No 67 97.1 96 92.3 7 100.0 11 100.0 Note. A chi-square analysis indicated that there was no significant relationship between groups pertaining to patient demographics.
↵a Personality disorder diagnoses include antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, and other specified personality disorder.
- Table 3
Length of Stay (LOS) in Days before Starting Clozapine, on Clozapine Trial and after Clozapine Trial Discontinued
Hospital Days Discharged on Clozapine Clozapine Discontinued Prior to Discharge Restored (n = 69) Not Restored (n = 104) Restored (n = 7) Not Restored (n = 11) Test Stat p Before starting clozapine 227.19 ± 171.60 330.03 ± 197.22 353.86 ± 260.14 413.64 ± 215.52 F = 5.632 (df = 3) .001a On clozapine 174.43 ± 142.29 239.66 ± 113.77 99.86 ± 83.01 149.27 ± 122.37 F = 6.464 (df = 3) .000b After clozapine discontinued – – 93.43 ± 69.74 195.55 ± 164.88 F = 2.371 (df = 1) .143c Total Hospital (Length of Stay) 397.25 ± 230.87 567.04 ± 209.75 545.43 ± 250.16 673.36 ± 163.77 F = 10.75 (df = 3) .000d Note. Statistical significance was determined by using analysis of variance and the post hoc Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. Cloz/Rest = patients maintained on clozapine until discharge and restored to competency; ClozDC/NonRest = patients discontinued from clozapine and not restored to competency; Cloz/NonRest = patients maintained on clozapine and not restored to competency.
↵a There were statistically significant between-group differences in length of stay (LOS) before the start of the clozapine trial, F(3, 187) = 5.632, p = .001): Cloz/Rest (227.19 ± 171.60 days) was shorter than ClozDC/NonRest (413.64 ± 215.52 days) and Cloz/NonRest (330.03 ± 197.22 days).
↵b Among those who were discharged on clozapine there were statistically significant differences in the time on clozapine, F(3, 187) = 6.464, p = .000): Cloz/NonRest (239.66 ± 113.77 days) and Cloz/Rest (174.43 ± 142.29 days).
↵c Among those who had clozapine discontinued before hospital discharge, there were no statistically significant differences between groups in the length of stay (LOS) after clozapine was discontinued.
↵d There were statistically significant between group differences in total LOS (F [3, 187] = 10.75, p = .000): Cloz/Rest (397.25 ± 230.87 days) was shorter than ClozDC/NonRest (673.36 ± 163.77 days) and Cloz/NonRest (567.04 ± 209.75 days).
