Article Figures & Data
Tables
Measure Black Defendants White Defendants Significance Age, mean (SD), range 38.8 (14.0), 18–74 41.8 (11.4), 21–65 F = 1.54, P = .2159 Sex, n (%) F: 51 (32)
M: 109 (68)F: 7 (18)
M: 33 (82)χ2 = 3.21 (df = 1), P = .073 High school education or less, n (%) 125 (78) 18 (45) χ2 = 17.23 (df = 1), P < .0001 Undomiciled, n (%) 101 (63) 29 (73) χ2 = 1.24 (df = 1), P = .266 Unemployed, n (%) 149 (93) 38 (95) χ2 = 0.19 (df = 1), P = .667 Uninsured, n (%) 38 (24) 16 (40) χ2 = 4.29 (df = 1), P = .038 Government benefits, n (%) 81 (51) 15 (38) χ2 = 2.21 (df = 1), P = .137 Variable Black Defendants White Defendants Crude Black versus White Comparison Logistic Regression Including Socioeconomic Factors Thought disorder, n (%) 111 (69) 23 (58) χ2 = 1.041, df = 1, P = .1531 aORa = 1.872 (95% CI,b 0.847–4.137) IMP referral, n (%) 17 (11) 8 (25) χ2 = 2.57, df = 1, P = .11 aOR = 0.772 (95% CI, 0.266–2.243) Psychological testing, n (%) 44 (28) 4 (10) χ2 = 5.37, df = 1, P = .0205 aOR = 3.212 (95% CI, 1.036–9.961) Antipsychotic medication, n (%) 138 (86) 34 (85) χ2 = 0.0415, df = 1, P = .8385 aOR = 1.584 (95% CI, 0.513–4.886) Restraint, mean (SD), range 0.5625 (1.990), 0–18 0.1 (0.3038), 0–1 ANOVA F = 2.14, P = .145 aOR = 1.555 (95% CI, 0.462–5.227) Seclusion, mean (SD), range 0.4438 (1.097), 0–7 0.575 (1.824), 0–11 ANOVA F = 0.34, P = .5606 OR = 0.775 (95% CI, 0.310–1.940) Note. ANOVA = analysis of variance; aOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; IMP = involuntary medication process.
↵a aOR after controlling for age, gender, education, housing, employment, insurance, and benefits.
↵b If the 95% CI includes 1.0, then the association is not statistically significant at P < .05.
Variable Black Defendants White Defendants Crude Black versus White Comparison Logistic Regression Including Socioeconomic Factors Number violent felonies, mean (SD), range 0.3188 (0.796), 0–7 0.200 (0.823), 0–5 ANOVA F = 0.70, P = .4029 aORa = 2.941 (95% CI,b 0.888–9.745) Time to attain competency in days, mean (SD), range 67.9 (62.79), 8–620 62.2 (35.89), 12–176 χ2 = 4.616, df = 6, P = .5939 bc =8.37, SE =11.11 t = 0.75 P = .452 IST (initial evaluation), n (%) 69 (43) 20 (50) χ2 = 0.67, df = 1, P = .71 aOR = 1.24 (95% CI, 0.568–2.711) Return to jail, n (%) 37 (23) 6 (15) χ2 = 11.19, df = 3, P = .01 aOR = 1.62 (95% CI, 0.597–4.372) IST (court finding), n (%) 31 (19) 6 (15) χ2 = 0.4062, df = 1, P = .5239 aOR = 1.159 (95% CI, 0.417–3.219) Note. aOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; IMP = involuntary medication process; IST = incompetent to stand trial.
↵a aOR after controlling for age, gender, education, housing, employment, insurance, and benefits.
↵b If the 95% CI includes 1.0, then the association is not statistically significant at P < .05.
↵c Adjusted linear regression coefficient indicating a mean difference of 8.37 days after controlling for demographics.