Article Figures & Data
Tables
Non-violent Violent N (%) 12 (42.9) 16 (57.2) Age at admission (mean, SD) 30.5 (10.6) 33.2 (11.4) Physical aggression, N (%) - 14 (50.0) Verbal aggression, N (%) - 11 (39.3) Comorbidities N (%) Psychotic disorders 4 (33.3) 7 (43.8) Affective disorders 2 (16.7) 1 (6.2) Neurotic, stress related, somatoform 2 (16.7) 4 (25.0) Personality disorders 4 (33.3) 1 (6.2) Mental retardation 1 (8.3) 2 (12.5) Hyperkinetic disorder 1 (8.3) - Section at admission N (%)* 3 (admission for treatment) 1 (8.3) 8 (50.0) 37 (hospital order) 3 (25.0) - 37/41 (hospital order with restriction) 5 (41.7) 5 (31.3) 47 notional s37 (transfer to hospital) 1 (8.3) - 47/49 (transfer to hospital of prisoners with restriction order) 2 (16.7) - 48/49 (transfer to hospital of prisoners on remand) - 1 (6.2) CPIA5 (Criminal Procedure Insanity) - 2 (12.5) ↵* Sections of the Mental Health Act (1983).
Non-violent Mdn (range) Violent Mdn (range) Mann-Whitney U r Historical 16.8 (12–20) 16.6 (10–20) U = 94.5, z = −.07 .01 Clinical 6.0 (3–9) 7.0 (4–10) U = 59.5, z = −1.74 .32 Risk management 8.0 (2–9) 8.5 (5–10) U = 70.5, z = −1.21 .22 Total score 30.1 (20–35) 30.5 (23–38) U = 77.5, z = −.86 .16 Future violence 1.0 (0–2) 1.0 (0–2) U = 49.0, z = −.40 .08 Serious harm 1.0 (0–2) 1.0 (0–2) U = 48.0, z = −.31 .06 Imminent violence 0.0 (0–1) 1.0 (0–2) U = 10.0, z = −2.37* .60 Mdn = median; Future violence N: non-violent = 9; violent = 12; Serious harm N: non-violent = 8; violent =13; Imminent violence N: non-violent = 6; violent = 10; r = effect size.
↵* p < .05.
Non-violent Mdn (range) Violent Mdn (range) Mann-Whitney U r Historical 15.8 (10–20) 17.0 (11–20) U = 76.5, z = −.99 .19 Clinical 6.0 (3–9) 7.5 (5–10) U = 53.0, z = −2.10* .40 Risk management 8.0 (2–9) 8.5 (5–10) U = 69.5, z = −1.34 .25 Total score 29.1 (20–35) 32.1 (24–38) U = 57.5, z = −1.86 .35 Future violence 1.0 (0–2) 1.0 (0–2) U = 42.0, z = −1.03 .22 Serious harm 0.0 (0–2) 1.0 (0–2) U = 51.0, z = −.23 .05 Imminent violence 0.0 (0–1) 1.0 (0–2) U = 7.0, z = −2.84** .71 Non-violent Mdn (range) Violent Mdn (range) Mann-Whitney U r Historical 17.0 (12;20) 16.2 (10;20) U = 84.5, z = −.43 .08 Clinical 6.0 (3–10) 8.0 (4–9) U = 63.0, z = −1.50 .28 Risk management 8.0 (2–10) 9.0 (5–10) U = 61.5, z = −1.54 .30 Total score 30.0 (20–37) 33.2 (23–38) U = 79.0, z = −.68 .13 Future violence 1.0 (0–2) 1.0 (0–2) U = 40.5, z = −.93 .20 Serious harm 1.0 (0–2) 1.0 (0–2) U = 54.0, z = −.00 .00 Imminent violence 0.0 (0–2) 1.0 (0–2) U = 17.5, z = −1.49 .37 Mdn = median; Future violence N: non-violent = 13; violent = 8; Serious harm N: non-violent = 12; violent =9; Imminent violence N: non-violent = 10; violent = 6; r = effect size.
First Three-Month Period Second Three-Month Period AUC CI 95% AUC CI 95% Historical .42 .19–.64 .57 .36–.80 Clinical .66 .45–.86 .74* .54–.94 Risk management .48 .26–.70 .76* .59–.94 Total score .48 .25–.71 .75* .56–.94 Future violence .61 .37–.86 .61 .37–.86 Serious harm .45 .17–.72 .52 .24–.80 Imminent violence .84* .64–1.0 .84* .64–1.0 AUC: area under the curve; CI: confidence interval.
↵* p < .05.
First Three-Month Period Second Three-Month Period AUC CI 95% AUC CI 95% Historical .54 .32–.77 .64 .44–.85 Clinical .71 .51–.91 .80** .62–.97 Risk management .50 .27–.72 .77* .59–.95 Total score .60 .38–.82 .82** .65–.98 Future violence .70 .47–.92 .61 .37–.86 Serious harm .51 .24–.78 .52 .24–.80 Imminent violence .92** .78–1.0 .84* .64–1.0 First Three-Month Period Second Three-Month Period AUC CI 95% AUC CI 95% Historical .40 .07–.71 .44 .20–.69 Clinical .52 .26–.78 .64 .40–.88 Risk management .52 .25–.78 .72 .52–.92 Total score .42 .11–.72 .60 .34–.87 Future violence .52 .19–.86 .63 .39–.88 Serious harm .37 .11–.61 .56 .30–.81 Imminent violence .66 .34–.98 .81 .58–1.0 AUC: area under the curve; CI: confidence interval.
