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Research ArticleRegular Articles

Effect of Delays in Civil Commitment Hearings on Outcomes Among Psychiatric Inpatients

Brent M. Kious, Lynn Dobias and Patrick H. O'Connell
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online December 2019, 47 (4) 467-475; DOI: https://doi.org/10.29158/JAAPL.003868-19
Brent M. Kious
Dr. Kious is Assistant Professor, and Dr. Dobias is a Psychiatry Resident, Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Mr. O'Connell is a Medical Student, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
MD, PhD
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Lynn Dobias
Dr. Kious is Assistant Professor, and Dr. Dobias is a Psychiatry Resident, Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Mr. O'Connell is a Medical Student, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
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Patrick H. O'Connell
Dr. Kious is Assistant Professor, and Dr. Dobias is a Psychiatry Resident, Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Mr. O'Connell is a Medical Student, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
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    Figure 1.

    Length of stay intervals related to admission, commitment hearing, and discharge.

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    Table 1

    Cohort Characteristics

    Variablen (%)
    Gender
        Male50 (45.8)
        Female59 (54.1)
    Principal diagnosis
        Dementia1 (0.9)
        Major depressive disorder without psychosis4 (3.7)
        Major depressive disorder with psychosis4 (3.7)
        Mood disorder not otherwise specified4 (3.7)
        Psychosis not otherwise specified10 (9.2)
        Schizoaffective disorder29 (26.6)
        Schizophrenia33 (30.3)
        Bipolar disorder type II, depressed1 (0.9)
        Bipolar disorder type I, depressed2 (1.8)
        Bipolar disorder type I, manic, without psychosis3 (2.8)
        Bipolar disorder type I, manic, with psychosis17 (15.6)
    Substance use disorder44 (40.4)
    Antipsychotic polypharmacy11 (10.1)
    Medication-over-objection hearing4 (3.7)
    Long-acting injectable antipsychotic13 (11.9)
    Homeless24 (22.0)
    Medication nonadherence29 (26.6)
    Current legal problems6 (5.5)
    Uninsured15 (13.8)
    Public insurance (i.e., Medicare or Medicaid)66 (60.6)
    Received civil commitment81 (74.3)
    Transferred to state hospital4 (3.7)
    Age, mean ± SD38.9 ± 15.1
    Number of diagnoses, mean ± SD1.8 ± 0.95
    Pre-hearing length of stay, mean ± SD7.4 ± 2.6
    • SD, standard deviation.

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    Table 2

    Outcomes

    VariableMean ± SD
    Total length of stay24.0 ± 17.2
    Post-hearing length of stay16.6 ± 16.3
    Time to first readmission142.7 ± 160.6
    Number of readmissions within 1 year0.85 ± 3.7
    Readmitted within 1 year, n (%)43 ± 39.5
    • SD, standard deviation.

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    Table 3

    Regression Coefficients for a Generalized Linear Model of Post-Hearing Length of Stay

    Parameterβp
    Pre-hearing length of stay0.121.0004
    Medication non-adherent0.187.04
    Current legal problems0.764.009
    Long-acting injectable antipsychotic−0.731.03
    • View popup
    Table 4

    Regression Coefficients for a Generalized Linear Model of Total Length of Stay

    Parameterβp
    Pre-hearing length of stay0.496< .0001
    Medication non-adherent0.285.02
    Current legal problems0.599.007
    Long-acting injectable antipsychotic−0.535.01
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Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online: 47 (4)
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online
Vol. 47, Issue 4
1 Dec 2019
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Effect of Delays in Civil Commitment Hearings on Outcomes Among Psychiatric Inpatients
Brent M. Kious, Lynn Dobias, Patrick H. O'Connell
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Dec 2019, 47 (4) 467-475; DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.003868-19

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Effect of Delays in Civil Commitment Hearings on Outcomes Among Psychiatric Inpatients
Brent M. Kious, Lynn Dobias, Patrick H. O'Connell
Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online Dec 2019, 47 (4) 467-475; DOI: 10.29158/JAAPL.003868-19
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